Glossary

A sensor measuring linear acceleration along one or more axes; the primary motion transducer in wearable posturography systems.

A CDP test that delivers unexpected toe-up or toe-down platform tilts and measures whether sway shrinks across repeated trials — an index of motor learning and cerebellar adaptation.

Fine, distal balance control mediated at the ankle joint; the efficient default for small sway perturbations on a firm surface.

The point of application of the ground reaction force on the support surface. Its trajectory in the mediolateral and anteroposterior axes is the raw signal of posturographic sway.

Weighted average of the six SOT equilibrium scores — the single most-used summary metric of CDP performance.

The instrumented dynamic battery: dual force plates and a sway-referenced visual surround, controlled by software, delivering the SOT, MCT, ADT and LoS tests against age-matched norms.

Posturography that introduces controlled perturbations — platform translations or tilts, moving visual surrounds — to probe reactive and anticipatory postural responses.

Per-condition SOT score, percent of a theoretical 12.5° anteroposterior sway envelope retained. Higher is better; zero indicates a fall.

A rigid platform instrumented with strain-gauge or piezoelectric force transducers that record ground reaction forces; computes the centre of pressure under the feet.

Psychogenic / functional balance disorder. Posturographic sway patterns are often physiologically implausible and improve under distraction.

A 10-item dynamic gait test scored 0–30 used as a clinical complement or alternative to posturography for fall-risk and post-stroke balance assessment.

Larger, proximal trunk-and-hip corrections used for bigger perturbations or when sensory cues are degraded. Over-reliance flags impaired sensory integration.

A miniaturised sensor combining accelerometers, gyroscopes (and often magnetometers) used in wearable or smartphone-based posturography.

MCT outcome: the delay between platform translation onset and the patient's first corrective CoP movement. Prolonged in central CNS slowing and peripheral neuropathy.

A voluntary-control test: lean maximally in eight directions without stepping, measuring reaction time, movement velocity, endpoint excursion, maximum excursion and directional control.

Application of supervised classifiers and unsupervised clustering to multivariate posturographic data — used for early phenotyping, fall-risk prediction and individualised rehab planning.

A CDP test of automatic postural responses to sudden anterior–posterior platform translations. Quantifies response latency, amplitude and left–right symmetry.

The most widely used commercial CDP system. Comprises a tilting dual-plate floor, a movable visual enclosure and proprietary software for the SOT, MCT and ADT.

A chronic functional vestibular disorder characterised by dizziness, unsteadiness or non-spinning vertigo, worsened by upright posture, motion and complex visual environments — a frequent indication for visual-dependency testing.

Quantitative assessment of postural control by measuring body sway, reactions to perturbations, or limits of voluntary leaning, using force platforms or motion sensors.

The cornerstone CDP test: six 20-second conditions that progressively disrupt visual and somatosensory inputs to expose how the patient weights vestibular, visual and proprioceptive cues.

The CNS shift in dependence between visual, vestibular and somatosensory inputs as conditions change. CDP is the principal clinical assay of this process.

Using a phone's built-in IMU to record body sway and detect balance impairments. Validated against force plates for several use-cases and enables home / tele-rehabilitation.

Recording natural sway during quiet upright stance on a fixed, rigid force platform. Yields sway area, sway velocity and path length but cannot localise sensory deficits.

A 0–100 SOT measure that quantifies the patient's biomechanical strategy: high values reflect ankle-strategy dominance, low values reflect hip-strategy reliance.

The 2D area swept by the CoP trajectory over a fixed time window — a global measure of postural steadiness in static posturography.

Remote delivery of balance and vestibular rehabilitation, often paired with mobile posturography for objective tracking outside the clinic.

Use of VR headsets to deliver controlled optic-flow and immersive visual surrounds, often paired with a force plate or IMU for graded sensory desensitisation and assessment of visual-dependency.

Over-reliance on visual input for balance, often seen after vestibular insult. Manifests on SOT as disproportionate fall in conditions 3 and 6.