The cerebellum's balance region — the flocculonodular lobe — which calibrates the vestibular reflexes, adapts them when they drift, and whose damage produces a distinctive central syndrome.
The flocculonodular lobe
The vestibulocerebellum is the part of the cerebellum devoted to balance and eye movement. It is the flocculonodular lobe — the flocculus on each side and the midline nodulus — sitting at the inferior-posterior cerebellum, against the brainstem.46
Calibrating the reflexes
The vestibulocerebellum's job is to keep the vestibular reflexes accurate. It does not generate the reflexes — the brainstem does that — but it tunes them so the eyes and body respond by exactly the right amount.50
The vestibulocerebellar syndrome
Damage to the flocculonodular lobe or the midline cerebellum produces a recognisable central syndrome — distinct from any peripheral vestibular disorder.56